Betekenis van:
radio astronomy

Voorbeeldzinnen

1. The relevant radio astronomy stations and their associated exclusion zones should be defined and justified by national administrations.
2. ‘exclusion zone’ means the area around a radio astronomy station defined by a radius equivalent to a specific distance from the station;
3. The 22,21 to 24,00 GHz frequency range is also needed to measure spectral lines of ammonia and water as well as continuum observations for the radio astronomy service.
4. Binoculars, monoculars, other optical telescopes, and mountings therefor; other astronomical instruments and mountings therefor, but not including instruments for radio-astronomy
5. Binoculars, monoculars, other optical telescopes, and mountings therefor; other astronomical instruments and mountings therefor, but not including instruments for radio-astronomy:
6. As reported by CEPT, sharing between automotive short-range radar and the radio astronomy service within the 22,21 to 24,00 GHz band could lead to harmful interference for the latter if short-range radar-equipped vehicles were allowed to operate unhindered within a certain distance from each radio astronomy station.
7. Each Member State shall determine the relevant national radio astronomy stations to be protected pursuant to Article 6(2) in its territory and the characteristics of the exclusion zones pertaining to each station.
8. Based on studies of compatibility between automotive short-range radar and fixed services, earth exploration satellite services and radio astronomy services, CEPT has concluded that an unlimited deployment of automotive short-range radar systems in the 24 GHz range radio spectrum band will create unacceptable harmful interference to existing radio applications operating in this band.
9. Automotive short-range radar equipment put into service in the Community shall ensure protection of the radio astronomy stations operating in the radio spectrum band 22,21 to 24,00 GHz defined in Article 7 through automatic deactivation in a defined exclusion zone or via another method providing equivalent protection for these stations without driver intervention.
10. According to footnote 5.340 of the Radio Regulations of the ITU, all emissions are prohibited in the band 23,6 to 24,0 GHz, in order to protect the use on a primary basis of this band by the radio astronomy, earth exploration satellite and space research passive services.
11. Therefore, and bearing in mind that Directive 1999/5/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual recognition of their conformity [6] requires that radio equipment must be constructed so as to avoid harmful interference, automotive short-range radar systems operating in bands used by radio astronomy in the 22,21 to 24,00 GHz range should be deactivated when moving within these areas.
12. Therefore, the regulatory framework for use of the radio spectrum for ultra-wideband technology must respect the rights to protection against harmful interference (including access to the radio spectrum by radio astronomy, earth exploration satellite and space research systems) and balance the incumbent services’ interests against the overall policy objective of providing favourable conditions for the introduction of innovative technologies for the benefit of society.
13. In order to protect Radio Astronomy Services; in the frequency range 2,69 GHz to 2,70 GHz and in the frequency range 4,8 to 5 GHz; the total radiated power density has to be below – 65 dBm/MHz as described in the relevant harmonised standards adopted under Directive 1999/5/EC.’
14. However, to allow an early implementation of automotive short-range radar in 24 GHz, a limited amount of transmitters with manual deactivation can be allowed as, with such a limited deployment, the probability of causing harmful interference to the radio astronomy service is expected to remain low.